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'钢结构建筑的防火保护措施有哪几种？'

''

'钢结构建筑'

'钢材是一种不会燃烧的建筑材料，它具有抗震、抗弯等特性。在实际应用中，钢材既可以相对增加建筑物的荷载能力，也可以满足建筑设计美感造型的需要，还避免了混凝土等建筑材料'

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'2020-05-27 15:24:20'

'2020-05-27 15:23:59'

'144'

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'<p>
	　　钢材是一种不会燃烧的建筑材料，它具有抗震、抗弯等特性。在实际应用中，钢材既可以相对增加建筑物的荷载能力，也可以满足建筑设计美感造型的需要，还避免了混凝土等建筑材料不能弯曲、拉伸的缺陷，因此，钢材受到了建筑行业的青睐，单层、多层、摩天大楼，厂房、库房、候车室、候机厅等采用钢材都很普遍。但是，钢材作为建筑材料在防火方面又存在一些难以避免的缺陷，它的机械性能，如屈服点、抗拉及弹性模量等均会因温度的升高而急剧下降。</p>
<p>
	　　钢结构通常在450摄氏度～650摄氏度的温度中就会失去承载能力，发生很大的形变，导致钢柱、钢梁弯曲，结果因过大的形变而不能继续使用，一般不加保护的钢结构的耐火极限为15分钟左右。这一时间的长短还与构件吸热的速度有关。要使钢结构材料在实际应用中克服防火方面的不足，必须进行防火处理，其目的就是将钢结构的耐火极限提高到设计规范规定的极限范围。防止钢结构在火灾中迅速升温发生形变塌落，其措施是多种多样的，关键是要根据不同情况采取不同方法，如采用绝热、耐火材料阻隔火焰直接灼烧钢结构，降低热量传递的速度推迟钢结构温升、强度变弱的时间等。但无论采取何种方法，其原理是一致的。因此，笔者认为在现实中4种钢结构防火保护措施必须给予重视。</p>
<p>
	　　一、外包层</p>
<p>
	　　顾名思义，就是在钢结构的外表添加外包层，采用喷涂法施工。用专用喷涂设备对钢结构表面现场喷涂&ldquo;晋马钢结构防火浆料(单组份)&rdquo;形成保护层，可根据防火要求，设计防火浆料厚度，能满足耐火极限2～3个小时以上，是目前市面上性能好，性价比极高的防火浆料。</p>
<p>
	　　二、充水水套</p>
<p>
	　　空心型钢结构内充水是抵御火灾最有效的防护措施。这种方法能使钢结构在火灾中保持较低的温度，水在钢结构内循环，吸收材料本身受热的热量。受热的水经冷却后可以进行再循环或由管道引入凉水来取代受热的水。</p>
<p>
	　　三、屏蔽</p>
<p>
	　　钢结构设置在耐火材料组成的墙体或顶棚内，或将构件包藏在两片墙之间的空隙里，只要增加少许耐火材料或不增加即能达到防火的目的。这是一种最为经济的防火方法。</p>
<p>
	　　四、膨胀材料</p>
<p>
	　　采用钢结构防火涂料保护构件，这种方法具有防火隔热性能好、施工不受钢结构几何形体限制等优点，一般不需要添加辅助设施，且涂层质量轻，还有一定的美观装饰作用，属于现代的先进防火技术措施。</p>
<p>
	　　目前，高层钢结构建筑日趋增多，尤其是一些超高层建筑，采用钢结构形式更为广泛。高层建筑一旦发生火灾事故，火不是在短时间内就能扑灭的，这就要求我们在建筑设计时，加大对建筑材料的防火保护，以增强其耐火极限，并在建筑内部制定必要的应急方案，以减少人员伤亡和财产损失。</p>
'

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'钢结构建筑的防火保护措施有哪几种？_常见问题_新闻中心_友联建设集团'

'钢结构建筑'

'钢材是一种不会燃烧的建筑材料，它具有抗震、抗弯等特性。在实际应用中，钢材既可以相对增加建筑物的荷载能力，也可以满足建筑设计美感造型的需要，还避免了混凝土等建筑材料'

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